Royalty or License Payment for Intangible Property Owned by Foreign Affiliate

The IRS recently released a “practice unit” that provides guidance concerning outbound payment of royalties for the use of Intellectual properties owned by foreign affiliates.  The practice unit provides guidance for IRS examiners audit tactics and focus areas for specific leading international and transfer pricing issues and transactions.  [The IRS publication is attached for your reference.]

The IRS recognizes that many foreign businesses own valuable intangible property (“IP”) which is transferred to or used by their related U.S. entities for exploitation in the U.S. market.  Such transaction(s) have substantial impact to U.S. government’s revenue collection and this practice unit provides guidance in examining the following identified potential issues:

Issue 1:  What IP has been licensed from foreign parent (“FP”) by U.S. subsidiary (“USS”)?

Issue 2:  Did USS pay an arm’s length consideration for the license of IP to FP?

Issue 3:  Was the consideration commensurate with income attributable to the IP?

To address the Issue 1, the examiner is instructed to verify the substance of the transaction - whether IP has been licensed or transferred based on the facts and circumstances.   The examiner needs to review various documents to address the following fact elements:

• Is there a license of IP between controlled parties?
• What type of IP is being licensed?
• Determine what rights to the IP were licensed?

To address the Issue 2, the examiner is instructed to design audit program to confirm if the consideration paid by USS is within the arm’s length range.  Arm’s length consideration must be determined under one of four methods listed in Treas. Reg. 1.482-4(a):

• Comparable Uncontrolled Transaction (“CUT”),
• Comparable Profits Method (“CPM”),
• Profit Split or
• Unspecified Method

To address the Issue 3, the examiner must work with an economist to determine if the consideration for the transfer of IP from FP to USS is commensurate with the income attributable to the IP.

Take Away:  We are seeing an increasing scrutiny by the IRS concerning outbound royalty or license payment by U.S. entity for IP owned by foreign affiliates.  It is recommended that an adequate documentation is prepared contemporaneously to support tax filing position related to such transaction.

[Reference: IRS Practice Unit - License of Foreign Owned Intangible Property to U.S. Entity.pdf]